Friday, January 29, 2016

Grade 7


Kelani Stupa




The Dageba or the Stupa at Kelani Viharaya is called by the names ' Kalyani Chaithyaya' and 'Kelani Seya'. Embedded inside the Stupa is the gem studded chair or the carpet that Lord Buddha made the sermons sitting on , to Chulodara and Mahodara Naga Kings and the followers during the Third visit of the Lord Buddha. The shape of this 90 feet high Stupa is called 'Dhanyakara' or 'the shape of a rice grain heap'. This Dageba had been renovated several times by kings Uttiya,Yatalatissa and the Parakramabahu IX. This has been built at the place where the Lord Budda and the Arahath Bikkus had stayed.






Jetawanaramaya



Anuradhapura is one of the ancient capitals of Sri Lanka, famous for its well-preserved ruins of ancient Lankan civilization. From the 4th century BC, it was the capital of Sri Lanka until the beginning of the 11th century AD. During this period it remained one of the most stable and durable centers of political power and urban life in South Asia. The ancient city, considered sacred to the Buddhist world, is today surrounded by monasteries covering an area of over sixteen square miles (40 km²). Anuradhapura is also significant in Hindu legend as the fabled capital of the Asura King Ravana in the Ramayana.


During the reign of king Gothabhaya (253-266 AC) a disagreement took place between the monks of Maha Vihara Monastery and the Abhayagiri Monastey regarding a certain doctrine. The king Gothabhaya took the side of the Maha Vihara and took severe measures against the monks of the Abhayagiri Monastey. During this time the monks of this monastery had to seek sanctuary in India. One of the disciples of the banished monks called Sangamitta thero decided to avenge the bikkus of Mahavihara. He came back to Sri Lanka and gained the favour of king Gothabhaya (253-266 AC) and was entrusted to teach his two sons prince Mahasena and Prince Jetthatissa. After their father’s death, the elder son prince Jetthatissa who was a supporter of the Mahavihara monks became the king and reigned for 10 years (266-276 AC). In 276 Mahasena (276-303) succeeded to the throne and the monk "Sangamitta" immediately came back to the island. He persuaded the king that the Mahaviharians laxed discipline and the monks of Abhayagiri Stupa preached the true doctrine of the Buddha. He also persuaded the king to order prohibition of giving arms to the Mahaviharians and they were forced to retreat to the hills and Rohana. Then Sangamittha thero persuaded the king to razor the Maha Vihara buildings and use the materials to build up a new rival institute within the boundaries of Maha Vihara itself. This became to known as the Jethawana. However this act brought a great and disastrous civil war and the monk Sangamitta was killed by the queen of the king. Later the king bowing down to public pressure restored the Maha Vihara buildings and ruled for 27 years Jethawana Stupa is the largest stupa in the Sri Lanka. It was originally 400 feet (122 meters) in height and was the third tallest building in the world at that time. Even today as a brick monument, Jethawanaramaya still remains the tallest of its kind in the world. Jethawanaramaya was built by King Mahasena (276-303) was completed by his son Sirimeghavanna. It is believed that this monument was built upon the enclosure where Mahinda Maha Thero was cremated. Recent excavation in the stupa has unearthed a one meter thick brick wall adjacent to a layer of ash and charcoal. This is believed to be the chamber where the remains of the great thero rest. As all other buildings in Anuradhapura this too was subjected to destruction by North Indian Invaders. Then when the Anuradhapura was finally abandoned as the capital in the 11th century this stupa with others were covered by the jungle. King Parakramabahu (12th century) in the Pollonaruwa era again tried to renovate this stupa and it was rebuilt to the current height, a reduction from the original height. Today it stands at 232 feet (71 meters) . Today this stupa is going through a painful and slow conservation to bring it to its ancient glory. Even today you can see massive trees which have come up on the stupa itself on the sides where reconstruction has not started. This image house is the largest of its kind found in Anuradhapura or Pollonnaruwa Era. The Entrance to this building is monolithic door which the pillars raise to 27 feet (8.3 metres) . There is proof that a massive Buddha statue once filled this image house. The statue is thought to be 37 feet (11.3 metres) high carved in limestone. Based on the calculations the whole building would have been 50 feet (15.25 metres) high. This is thought to be built by king Sena 1 (831-833) and has been destroyed by North Indian Colas in the 10th Century. It was rebuilt by later kings during the last stages of the kingdom




Abhayagiriya


        The Abhayagiri Dagaba is situated in Anuradhapura.  It is one of the most extensive ruins in the world and one of the most sacred Buddhist pilgrimage  cities. Historically it was a great monastic centre as well as a royal capital, with magnificent monasteries rising to many stories, roofed with gilt bronze or tiles of burnt clay glazed in brilliant colors. To the north of the city, encircled by great walls and containing elaborate bathing ponds, carved balustrades and moonstones, stood “Abhayagiri”, one of seventeen such religious units in Anuradhapura and the largest of its five major viharas. Surrounding the humped dagaba, Abhayagiri Vihara was a seat of the Northern Monastery, or Uttara Vihara.




The term “Abhayagiri Vihara” means not only a complex of monastic buildings, but also a fraternity of Buddhist monks, or Sangha, which maintains its own historical records, traditions and way of life. Founded in the second century B.C., it had grown into an international institution by the first century of this era, attracting scholars from all over the world and encompassing all shades of Buddhist philosophy. Its influence can be traced to other parts of the world, through branches established elsewhere. Thus, the Abhayagiri Vihara developed as a great institution vis‑a‑vis the Mahavihara and the jetavana Buddhist monastic sects in the ancient Sri Lankan capital of Anuradhapura.
It is recorded in the chronicles that Abhayagiri was established by King Vattagamini Abhaya(Valagamba), during the period of his second reign, from 89 to 77 B.C.. A young Brahmin named Tiya (Tissa) declared war against him. Tiya was deluded by the prophecy of another Brahmin that was destined to be king. Before the arrival of Mahinda Thera who brought Buddhism to the island, Brahmins held the highest place in society. After the establishment of the Bhikkhu  order on the island, however, they lost their supremacy, and were replaced by the Buddhist Sangha. Some Brahmins converted to Buddhism, while others revolted. Tiya, who enjoyed the support of his community, lived both in and outside of Sri Lanka, and was therefore very powerful.



According to the chronicles, the name Abhayagiri Vihara originated from the names of King Vattagamani Abhaya and of the Giri priests who lived in the Jain monastery. However, since most ancient monasteries were built around a hillock, or giri in Sinhala, (for example the Vessagiri, Meghagiri or Chetiyagiri monasteries) it is possible that the name Abhayagiri symbolizes the monastery created by Vattagamani Abhaya after his recapture of the kingdom surrounding the hillock known as Digapasana, now inside the Abhayagiri complex.








Thuparamaya



Thuparama, the oldest stupa in Sri Lanka, is believed to enshrine the collarbone Relic of the Buddha sent from India by Emperor Asoka after Anuradhapura converted to Buddhism.
The Thuparama stupa, built by King Devanampiyatissa, enshrines the sacred collar bone of the Buddha. This relic, a gift from India,stands testimony to the cordial relations enjoyed by the then Sri Lanka ruler. The columns around the stupa were a part of the colonnade that supported a roof which covered the sacred edifice. Aesthetically, the interior of such structure must have been the stunning expression of wood engineering and of the most skilful craftsmanship. The edifice’s conical design, unique in the architectural history of the world, continue to be discussed and debated by scholars and scientists.
The discovery of medical texts and surgical instruments dating back to the Anuradhapura period confirms the Quality of life during that era. The tradition of using stone troughs as medicinal baths to cure the sick was in vogue during the Anuradhapura and subsequent Polonnaruwa periods. The patient, whether paralytic or in a coma after a snake bite, was immersed in a bath enriched with the appropriate medicinal potions t that would gradually be absorbed into the body. Interestingly, the shape of the vessel was moulded to economize on the expensive fluid.








Grade 9

                        
                                āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢāļēේ āˇිāļŊ්āļ´ 



 
āļ‹āļŠāļģāļ§ āļ´ාāļģāļ¸්āļ´āļģිāļš āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļšāļģ්āļ¸ාāļą්āļ­āļē āļ¸ැāļēෙāļą් āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āļŊිāļ´ිāļēෙāˇ„ි āļ¸ුāļŊ්āļšොāļ§āˇƒ āļ´āˇƒුāļœිāļē āˇƒāļ­ිāļēේ āļ´āˇ…āˇ€ිāļē

āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āˇිāļŊ්āļ´ිāˇ„ු āļ‰āļ­ා āˇ€ෙāˇ„ෙāˇƒāļšāļģ āļšāļ§āļēුāļ­ු āļģාāˇිāļēāļš්‌ āļ…āˇ€āˇƒāļąැ āļ­āļ¸ āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢ āļ‘āˇ…ිāļ¯ැāļš්‌āˇ€ීāļ¸ āˇƒිāļ¯ුāļšāļģāļ­ි. āļ‹āˇƒāˇƒ්‌ āļ­āļ­්āļ­්āˇ€āļēේ āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ āļąිāˇ‚්āļ´ාāļ¯āļąāļē āļ‹āļ¯ෙāˇƒා āļ¸ෙāļšී āˇƒāļ¸්āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ාāļēිāļš āˇිāļŊ්āļ´ āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āˇ€ේāļ¯āļē āļšෙāļģෙāˇ„ි āļ”āˇ€ුāļą් āļ¯āļš්‌āˇ€āļą්āļąේ āļ¸āˇ„āļ­් āļœෞāļģāˇ€ āˇƒāļ¸්āļ´්‍āļģāļēුāļš්‌āļ­ āļˇāļš්‌āļ­ිāļēāļšි. āˇ€ිāˇ€ිāļ° āļ¯ුāˇ‚්āļšāļģāļ­ා āļ¸ැāļ¯ āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āˇිāļŊ්āļ´āļš්‍āļģāļ¸ āļ…āļ¯්‍āļēāļ­āļąāļē āļ¯āļš්‌āˇ€ා āļģැāļœෙāļą āļ’āļ¸ āļˇාāļœ්‍āļēāļēāļšි. āļ‘āļšී āˇිāļŊ්āļ´āļš්‍āļģāļ¸ āļ‘āļšිāļąෙāļšāļ§ āļļāļ¯්āļ° āˇ€ූ āˇƒංāļšීāļģ්āļĢ āļš්‍āļģිāļēාāļ¯ාāļ¸āļēāļšි.

āļļොāļģ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āˇ„ෙāˇ€āļ­් āļŊාāļšිāļģි āļąිāˇ‚්āļ´ාāļ¯āļąāļē

āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļąිāˇ‚්āļ´ාāļ¯āļą āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āļēොāļ¯ාāļœāļą්āļąා āļ¸ුāļŊිāļš āļ…āļ¸ුāļ¯්‍āļģāˇ€්‍āļē āˇ€āļą්āļąේ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āˇ„ෙāˇ€āļ­් āļŊාāļšāļŠāļē.āļ…āļ­ීāļ­āļēේāļ¯ී āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļ…āļ¸ු āļ¯්‍āļģāˇ€්‍āļē āļšෙāļ¸ිāļ§ෙāļģා (chemitera) āļœෝāļ­්‍āļģāļēāļ§ āļ…āļēāļ­් āļšොāļš්‌āˇƒිāļŠ් (coccid) āļšුāļŊāļēේ āļšෘāļ¸ිāļēෙāļšු āˇාāļš āļ¸āļ­ āˇ්‍āļģාāˇ€āļē āļšāļģāļą āļ¯ුāļ¸්āļ¸āļŊ āˇ€ැāļąි āļ¯්‍āļģāˇ€්‍āļēāļēāļš්‌ āļ†āˇ්‍āļģāļēෙāļą් āˇƒāļšāˇƒා āļœැāļąුāļĢි. (āļ¸āļŊ්āļšාāļą්āļ­ි,2004(82) āļšෝāļą්, āļ¸āˇƒāļą්, āļšැāļ´්āļ´ෙāļ§ිāļēා, āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļšිāļē, āļ¸ොāļģ, āļšොāļļ්āļļෑ āļēāļą āˇාāļš āļ‡āˇƒුāļģෙāˇ„ි āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļšෘāļ¸ීāˇ„ු āˇීāļ්‍āļģ āļŊෙāˇƒ āļļෝāˇ€ෙāļ­ි. āļšෘāļ¸ීāļą් āļ¯ෙāˇ€āļģ්āļœāļēāļš්‌ āļ‡āˇƒුāļģිāļą් āļŊංāļšාāˇ€ේ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļŊැāļļේ. āļšැāļ´්āļ´ෙāļ§ිāļēා āˇ„ෙāˇ€āļ­් āļšෝāļą් āļąāļ¸් āļŊාāļšāļŠ āˇ€āļģ්āļœāļē āļšැāļ´්āļ´ෙāļ§ිāļēා, āļšෝāļą්, āˇ„ිāļŸුāļģු āļēāļąාāļ¯ී āļœāˇƒ්‌ āļ†āˇ්‍āļģිāļ­āˇ€āļ­් āļ­āļŊāļšිāļģිāļēා āļąāļ¸් āļ…āļąෙāļš්‌ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āˇ€ිāˇේāˇ‚āļē āļ­āļŊāļšිāļģිāļēා āˇාāļšāļē āļ‡āˇƒුāļģිāļąුāļ­් āļąිāˇ‚්āļ´ාāļ¯āļąāļē āˇ€ේ. (āļšුāļ¸ාāļģāˇƒ්‌āˇ€ාāļ¸ි, 1962(213)

āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āˇ€ැāˇ€ීāļ¸ āˇ€ූ āļšāļŊී āˇƒුāļ¯ුāˇƒු āļœāˇƒāļšāļ§ āļŊාāļš්āˇ‚ා āļšෘāļ¸ීāļą් āļļෝāļšāļģ āļ‘āˇ„ි āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļąිāˇ‚්āļ´ාāļ¯āļąāļē āˇ€āļą්āļąāļ§ āˇƒැāļŊැāˇƒ්‌āˇ€ීāļ¸āļēි.āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļšෘāļ¸ිāļēāļą් āļąāˇ€ āˇාāļšāļēāļšāļ§ āļļෝ āˇ€āļą්āļąāļ§ āˇ„ැāļģ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļģැāˇƒ්‌āļšිāļģීāļ¸ āļšāˇ…āļēුāļ­ුāļē. āļ­āļ­් āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ේāˇāļēේ āˇƒැāļ´්āļ­ැāļ¸්āļļāļģ්, āļ”āļš්‌āļ­ෝāļļāļģ් āļēāļą āļ¸ාāˇƒāˇ€āļŊāļ¯ී āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļ¸āļąාāˇ€ āļ´ැāˇƒී āļ´āˇ€āļ­ිāļą (āˇƒෝāļ¸āļģāļ­්āļą āˇƒāˇ„ āļ…āļļේāˇ€āļģ්āļ°āļą, 1956(4) āļąāļ¸ුāļ­් āļ‡āļ­ැāļ¸් āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ේāˇāˇ€āļŊ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āˇ€ෙāļąāļ­් āļ¸ාāˇƒāˇ€āļŊāļ¯ී āļ´ැāˇƒේ. āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļģැāˇƒ්‌ āļšිāļģීāļ¸ේāļ¯ී āļąිāˇƒිāļŊෙāˇƒ āˇ€āļģ්āļ°āļąāļē āˇ€ූ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āˇƒāˇ„ිāļ­ āļ…āļ­ුāļģිāļšිāļŊි āļ´āļ¸āļĢāļš්‌ āļ­ෝāļģා āļœāļ­āļēුāļ­ු āˇ€āļą්āļąේ āļąොāļ´ැāˇƒුāļĢු āļŊාāļšāļŠāļēෙāļą් āļąිāļ´āļ¯āˇ€ෙāļą āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļ­āļ¯ āˇƒ්‌āˇ€āļˇාāˇ€āļēāļš්‌ āļœāļą්āļąා āļļැāˇ€ිāļąි. āļ†āļŊේāļ´āļąāļēāļ§āļ¯ āļ…āļēෝāļœ්‍āļē āˇ€āļą āˇ„ෙāļēිāļąි. āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āˇƒāˇ„ිāļ­ āļ…āļ­ුāļģිāļšිāļŊි āļšāļ´ා āļ¯ිāļą āļšිāˇ„ිāļ´āļēāļš්‌ āļ¸āˇ€ු āˇාāļšāļēේ āļ­ිāļļෙāļąāļ§ āˇ„ැāļģීāļ¸ෙāļą් āļšāļ´්āļ´ාāļ¯ු āˇාāļš āļšොāļ§āˇƒ්‌āˇ„ි āˇ€ූ āļšෘāļ¸ීāˇ„ු āļąොāļšැāļ´ූ āļ…āļ­ුāļģිāļšිāļŊිāˇ€āļŊāļ§ āļ¸ාāļģුāˇ€āļą āļ…āļ­āļģ āļ¸ෙāļšී āļ…āļ­ුāļģිāļšිāļŊි āļ¸āļŗ āļ´āˇ€āļąේ āˇ€ිāļēāˇ…ා āļ‘āˇ„ි āˇ€ූ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āˇƒූāļģා āļģැāˇƒ්‌āļšāļģ āļœැāļąීāļ¸ āˇƒිāļ¯ුāļšෙāļģේ. āļŊා āļšිāļģි āˇ„ා āļ…āļ¸ුāļŊාāļšāļŠ āˇ€āˇāļēෙāļą් āˇ„āļŗුāļą්āˇ€āļąු āļŊāļļāļą්āļąේ āļ‹āļš්‌āļ­ āļļොāļģ āļŊාāļšāļŠāļ¸ āˇ€ේ.

āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āˇූāļ¯්āļ° āļšිāļģීāļ¸

āļļොāļģ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļ…āļ­ිāļą් āˇුāļ¯්āļ° āļšිāļģීāļ¸ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļ´ෙāļģීāļ¸ āļąāļ¸් āˇ€ේ. āˇ€āļąේ āļšොāļ§ා āļ´ොāļŊා āˇƒāļšāˇƒāļą āļļොāļģ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļ‡āļŊ් āļ¯ිāļē āˇƒāˇ„ිāļ­ āļšොāļģāˇ„ේ āļ…āļ­ුāļŊ්āļŊා āˇƒේāļ¯ීāļ¸ෙāļą් āļ´āˇƒු āļ´āˇ€āļąේ āˇ€ිāļēāˇ…ා āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļ´ෙāļģීāļ¸ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āļēොāļģ් āļœැāļąේ. āļ’ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļ´ෙāļą්āļ¯ුāˇ€, āļ´ෙāļą්āļ¯ු āļąූāļŊ්, āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšූāļģු, āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļšāļŗ, āļēāļšāļŠ āļ´āļ­ුāļģ āˇ„ෝ āļēāļ­ු āļ­āļŊāļē, āļ´āļ­් āļšොāˇ…āļē āˇ„ා āļœිāļąි āļšāļļāļŊ āļ…āļ­්‍āļēāˇ€āˇ්‍āļē āļ‹āļ´āļšāļģāļĢ āˇ€ේ. āļ´ෙāļģූ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšāˇ„āļ§ āļ‡āļ¯ීāļ¸ (āˇƒෝāļ¸āļģāļ­්āļą āˇƒāˇ„ āļ…āļļේāˇ€āļģ්āļ°āļą, 1956(28) āļšāˇ…āļēුāļ­ුāļē. āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļģāļ­්āļšොāļ§ āļ‡āļ¯ීāļ¸ āļšāˇ„āļ§ āļ‡āļ¯ීāļ¸āļēි. āļšāˇ„āļ§ āļ‡āļ¯ීāļ¸ āļ­ුāˇ…ිāļą් āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ාāˇ€āļŊ āˇ€ූ āļšāˇ„āļ§ āˇƒ්‌āˇ€āļˇාāˇ€ āļēāļ§āļ´āļ­්āˇ€ āļģāļą්āˇ€āļą් āļ´ැāˇ„ැāļē āļ¸āļ­ුāˇ€ෙāļēි. āˇ€āļģ්āļ­āļ¸ාāļąāļēේ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļšෘāļ¸ිāļēා āļŊංāļšාāˇ€ෙāļą් āˇ€āļŗ āˇ€ී āļœොāˇƒ්‌ āļē. āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āˇ€ැāˇ€ීāļ¸ āˇ„ෝ āļļොāļģ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļąිāˇ‚්āļ´ාāļ¯āļąāļēāļš්‌ āļ…āļ¯්‍āļēāļ­āļąāļēේ āˇƒිāļ¯ු āļąොāˇ€ේ. āļ¸ෙāļšී āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āˇුāļ¯්āļ° āļšිāļģීāļ¸ේ āˇƒාāļ¸්āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ාāļēිāļš āļģāļ§ාāˇ€ āˇƒāļ¸ාāļĸāļēෙāļą් āˇ€ිāļēෑāļšී āļ‡āļ­. āˇ€āļģ්āļ­āļ¸ාāļąāļēේ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļ†āļ¯ේāˇāļšāļēāļš්‌ āˇ€āˇāļēෙāļą් āļ‰āļą්āļ¯ිāļēාāˇ€ෙāļą් āļ†āļąāļēāļąāļē āļšොāļ§ āļēāļą්āļ­්‍āļģාāļąුāˇƒාāļģāļēෙāļą් āļ´āˇ€ිāļ­්‍āļģ āˇ€ූ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āˇ„ෙāˇ€āļ­් āˇැāļŊැāļš්‌ āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­āļēāļ§ āļœāļąී. āļ…āˇ€āļŊ්, āļ…āļģāļš්‌āļš āļąාāļ¸ āˇ€ූ āļšāļŊී āļŠāļ§ āļ´āļģ්āļēාāļē āļ´āļ¯āļēි. āļ¸ෙāˇƒේ āļ†āļąāļēāļąිāļ­ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­ āļšාāļģ්āļēāļēāļą්āļ§ āˇƒāļģිāļŊāļą āļ´āļģිāļ¯ි āˇ€ිāˇ€ිāļ° āļ¯āˇ€්‍āļē āļ¸ිāˇ්‍āļģ āļšිāļģීāļ¸ෙāļą් āļąොāļēෙāļš්‌ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āˇ€āļģ්āļœ āˇƒāļšāˇƒා āļœāļąු āļŊැāļļේ.

āļšāļŊිāļļිāļŊිāļ ්āļ ි āļšිāļģීāļ¸ āˇ„ා āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšෑāļŊි āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢāļē

āļœāļŊ්āļšෝāļ´්āļ´āļē, āļœāļŊ්āļ…āļ­, āļ­āļŊāļą āļŊීāļē, āļģාāļ­්āļ­āļŊ් āˇ„āļ­āļš්‌ āļ´āļ¸āļĢ āˇ€ූ āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļē, āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšූāļģු, āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļšāļŗ, āļœිāļąි āļšāļļāļŊ āļ†āļ¯ී āļ¸ෙāˇ€āļŊāļ¸් āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­āļēෙāļą් āˇƒාāļēāļ¸් āˇ€āļģ්āļœ āļ¸ිāˇ්‍āļģිāļ­āˇ€ āļ­āļŊා āļ´āļ¯āļ¸් āļšāļģāļą āļŊāļ¯ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšැāļļāļŊි āˇƒැāļšāˇƒීāļ¸ āļšāļŊිāļļිāļŊිāļ ්āļ ි āļšිāļģීāļ¸ āļēි. āļ…āļ­ීāļ­āļēේāļ¯ී āļ…āˇ€āˇ්‍āļē āļ´āļ¸āļĢāļ§ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļ¸ෘāļ¯ු āļšāļģāļœැāļąීāļ¸āļ§ āˇ„ා āļ”āļ´ āļœැāļą්āˇ€ීāļ¸āļ§ āļ´ොāļ­ු āļ‰āˇ€āļ­්āļšāˇ… āļ‘āļŦāļģු āļ‡āļ§ āˇƒāļ¸āļŸ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļ­ැāļŊීāļ¸ āˇƒිāļ¯ුāļšāˇ…āļ­් āˇ€āļģ්āļ­āļ¸ාāļąāļēේ āļ’ āˇƒāļ¯āˇ„ා āļģāļ§ āļ¯ුāļ¸්āļ¸āļŊ āļ¸ිāˇ්‍āļģ āļšෙāļģේ.

āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āˇිāļŊ්āļ´ීāˇ„ු āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āļēොāļ¯ාāļœāļ­් āˇƒාāļ¸්āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ාāļēිāļš āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āˇƒාāļ¯ිāļŊිංāļœāļ¸්, āļœāļŊ් āˇ„ිāļģිāļēāļŊ්, āļģāļą් āˇ„ිāļģිāļēāļŊ්, āļ´ූāļąිāļŊ් āļąāļ¸් āļ´ාāˇ‚ාāļĢ āˇ„ා āļąිāļŊ් āļ…āˇ€āļģිāļē, āļœොāļšāļ§ු, āļ…āļģāļŊිāļē, āļ”āļŊිāļŗ āˇ€ැāļąි āˇƒ්‌āˇ€āļˇාāˇ€ිāļš āļ¯්‍āļģāˇ€්‍āļē āļ­ුāˇ…ිāļą් āˇƒāļšāˇƒ්‌ āļšāļģāļœāļąිāļ­ි. āļģāļ­ු, āļšāˇ„ āˇƒāˇ„ āļšāˇ…ු āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āļ´āļ¸āļĢāļš්‌ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļšāļģ්āļ¸ාāļą්āļ­āļēේ āļ¸ූāļŊිāļš āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āļŊෙāˇƒ āļ…āļ­ීāļ­āļēේ āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­ āļšāˇ… āļąāļ¸ුāļ­් āļąිāļŊ්, āļšොāˇ…, āˇƒුāļ¯ු āˇ€ැāļąි āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āļ¯ āļ´āˇƒුāļšාāļŊීāļąāˇ€ āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­āļēāļ§ āļ´ැāļ¸ිāļĢ āļ‡āļ­. āˇ€āļģ්āļ­āļ¸ාāļąāļēේ āļ¯āļ¸්, āļŠāļēāļ¸්, āļ­āļš, āļģāļą් āˇ€ැāļąි āˇ€ෙāļąāļ­් āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āļēොāļ¯ාāļœāļąු āļŊāļļāļą්āļąේ āļēāļą්āļ­්‍āļģාāļąුāˇƒාāļģāļēෙāļą් āļąිāļ´āļ¯āˇ€āļą āļ§āļēිāļ§ේāļąිāļēāļ¸් āˇ„ා āļļේāļēāļģ් āļąāļ¸් āļŠāļēි āˇ€āļģ්āļœ āļ‹āļ´āļēෝāļœී āļšāļģāļœැāļąීāļ¸ෙāļąි.

āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļšැāļŊිāļļිāļŊිāļ ්āļ ි āļšිāļģීāļ¸ේ āļš්‍āļģāļ¸ āļ¯ෙāļšāļšි.

* āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšූāļģු āļ¯ෙāļšāļš්‌ āļœෙāļą āļ‘āˇ„ි āļšෙāˇ…āˇ€āļģ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšැāļļැāļŊ්āļŊāļš්‌ āļģāļŗāˇ€ා āļ´ොāļŊ් āļšāļ§ු āļ…āļŸුāļģු āļ†āļ°ාāļģāļēෙāļą් āļģāļ­් āļšāļģāļąු āļŊැāļļේ. āļ´āˇƒුāˇ€ āļ‘āˇ„ි āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āļšුāļŠු āļ­āˇ€āļģා āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšූāļģ āļ†āļ°ාāļģāļēෙāļą් āļ‰āˇ„āˇ…āļ§ āļ…āļ¯ිāļ¸ිāļą් āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšැāļļැāļŊ්āļŊāļ§ āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āļ¸ිāˇ්‍āļģ āļšāˇ… āļēුāļ­ුāļē. āˇƒාāļēāļ¸් āļ¸ිāˇ්‍āļģිāļ­ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšැāļļැāļŊ්āļŊ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļšāļŗ āļ¸āļ­ āļ­āļļා āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļēෙāļą් āļ­ැāļŊීāļ¸ෙāļą් āˇ€āļŠාāļ­් āˇ„ොāļ¯ිāļą් āˇƒාāļēāļ¸් āļ¸ිāˇ්‍āļģāˇ€ීāļ¸ āˇƒිāļ¯ුāˇ€ේ.

* āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āļœැāļą්āˇ€ිāļē āļēුāļ­ු āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšැāļļැāļŊ්āļŊ āˇ€ෘāļ­්āļ­ාāļšාāļģāˇ€ āļ­ුāļąීāļšāļģ āļ’ āļ¸āļ­ āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āļšුāļŠු āļ­āˇ€āļģා āļģāļ­් āļšāˇ… āļēුāļ­ුāļē. āļ­ුāļąි āļšāˇ… āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšොāļ§āˇƒāļš āˇƒාāļēāļ¸් āļšුāļŠු āļ¸āļ°්‍āļēāļēේ āļ­āļļා āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšූāļģāļš්‌ āļ†āļ°ාāļģāļēෙāļą් āļ‰āˇ„āˇ…āļ§ āļ…āļ¯ිāļ¸ිāļą් āļ­āˇ€āļ¯ුāļģāļ§āļ­් āˇƒාāļēāļ¸් āļšුāļŠු āļ¸ිāˇ්‍āļģāļšāˇ… āļēුāļ­ුāļē. āˇƒාāļēāļ¸් āļšුāļŠු āļ¸ිāˇ්‍āļģ āˇ€ීāļ¸ āļ…āļąāļ­ුāļģුāˇ€ āļ‘āļ¸ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļšොāļ§āˇƒ්‌ āļ­ැāļŊීāļ¸ āļšāˇ… āļēුāļ­ුāļē.

āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āļœැāļą්āˇ€ීāļ¸ේāļ¯ී āļ´āļ¯āļ¸ āˇ„ා āļ´ිāļģිāˇƒිāļ¯ු āļļāˇ€āļ­් āļāļą āļļāˇ€ āˇ„ා āļļāļģ āļ´ිāˇ…ිāļļāļŗāˇ€āļ­් āˇ€ිāļ¸āˇƒිāļŊිāļ¸āļ­් āˇ€ීāļ¸ෙāļą් āˇ„ේāļ­ුāˇ€ෙāļą් āļ…āˇ€āˇ්‍āļē āļ´ැāˇ„ැāļē āˇ„ා āˇāļš්‌āļ­ිāļē āˇƒුāļģැāļšෙāļą āˇƒේ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšැāļļāļŊි āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢāļē āļšāļģ āļœāļ­ āˇ„ැāļšිāļē.

āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āļœāļą්āˇ€ා āļ­āļŊāļąු āļŊැāļļූ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļ­ුāļąීāļšāļģ āļ…āļŸāļŊ් āļ‘āļš āˇ„āļ¸ාāļģāļš්‌ āļ´āļ¸āļĢ āļ¯ිāļœ āļ´āˇ…āļŊ āˇƒිāļ§ිāļą āˇƒේ āļšāļ´ා āļœැāļąීāļ¸ෙāļą් āļąිāļēāļ´ොāļ­ු āˇ€ැāļŠ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ාāļ­් āļāļąāļšāļ¸ āļ¸āļŗāļš්‌ āļ…āļŠු āļ¯ිāļœ āļšැāļļāļŊි āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āˇ€ැāļŠ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ාāļ­් āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­ āļšāļģāļēි. 'āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšෑāļŊි' āļŊෙāˇƒ āˇ€්‍āļēāˇ€āˇ„ාāļģ āˇ€āļą්āļąේ āļ¸ෙāļŊෙāˇƒ āˇƒැāļšāˇƒූ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ාāļē.

āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļšāļģ්āļ¸ාāļą්āļ­āļēේ āļšāļŊාāļ­්āļ¸āļš āļŊāļš්‌āˇ‚āļĢ

āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āˇිāļŊ්āļ´āļēේ āļšāļŊාāļ­්āļ¸āļš āˇ„ා āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢාāļ­්āļ¸āļš āļ…ංāˇāļē āˇ€āļą්āļąේ āļąිāļ¸ැāˇ€ුāļ¸් āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļ†āļŊේāļ´āļąāļē āˇƒāˇ„ āˇƒැāļģāˇƒිāļŊි āļ¸ෝāˇƒ්‌āļ­āļģ āļēෙāļ¯ීāļ¸ේ āˇිāļŊ්āļ´ āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļēāļēි. āļ¸ුāļŊිāļš āļš්‍āļģāļ¸ āļ¯ෙāļšāļš්‌ āļ”āˇƒ්‌āˇƒේ āļ¸ෙāļšී āļ´ාāļģāļ¸්āļ´āļģිāļš āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āˇිāļŊ්āļ´āļēේ āļšāļŊාāļ­්āļ¸āļš āļ…ංāˇāļē āˇƒāļšāˇƒ්‌ āˇ€ී āļ´āˇ€āļ­ී.

1 āļąිāļēāļ´ොāļ­ු āˇ€ැāļŠ

2 āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āˇ€ැāļŠ āˇ€āˇāļēෙāļąි.

āļąිāļēāļ´ොāļ­ු āˇ€ැāļŠ āˇ„ෙāˇ€āļ­් āļ¸ේāˇ€āļģ āˇ€ැāļŠ

āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊāļēāļš්‌ āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­ āļąොāļšොāļ§ āļ¸āˇ„āļ´āļ§ැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊේ āļąිāļē āļ†āļ°ාāļģāļēෙāļą් āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢāļšāļģāļĢāļēේ āļēෙāļ¯ීāļ¸ āļąිāļēāļ´ොāļ­ු āˇ€ැāļŠ āļąāļ¸ි. āļ…āļ­ිāļą් āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļœෑāļ¸ āˇ„ා āļ”āļ´ āļ¯ැāļ¸ීāļ¸ āļ¸ේāˇ€āļģ āˇ€ැāļŠ āļąāļ¸්. āļąිāļēāļ´ොāļ­ු āˇ€ැāļŠ āļ¯ුāļ¸ිāļą්āļ¯ාāļœāļ¸āļąāļēේ āļ…āļ§āˇ…ොāˇƒ්‌ āļšුāļŊ āˇිāļŊ්āļ´ීāļą් āˇ„ා āļļැāļŗේ. āˇ්‍āļģී āļ¸āˇ„ āļļෝāļ°ීāļą් āˇ€āˇ„āļą්āˇƒේāļ§ āļšොāļŠි āļ¸ිāļ§ි, āˇƒේāˇƒāļ­් āļ¸ිāļ§ි āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļ¸ේāˇ€āļģ āˇ€ැāļŠ āļ­ුāˇ…ිāļą් āļ…āļŊංāļšාāļģ āļšිāļģීāļ¸ āˇ„āļģāˇ„ා āļ­āļ­් āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļē āˇƒāļ¸ාāļĸāļēේ āļ´්‍āļģāļ āļŊිāļ­ āˇ€ී āļ‡āļ­. āļąිāļēāļ´ොāļ­ු āˇ€ැāļŠ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āļ¸ාāļ­āļŊේ (āļ´āļŊ්āļŊේ) āˇ„āļ´ුāˇ€ිāļ¯ āļœ්‍āļģාāļ¸āļē āļ…āļ­ීāļ­āļēේ āˇƒිāļ§āļ¸ āļ´්‍āļģāˇƒිāļ¯්āļ°ිāļēāļš්‌ āļ‹āˇƒුāļŊāļą්āļąේ āļ¸ෙāˇ„ි āˇ€ූ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āˇිāļŊ්āļ´ීāļą් āļ…āļąුāļģාāļ°āļ´ුāļģāļēේ āˇƒිāļ§ āļ´ැāļ¸ිāļĢි āļļāˇ€āļ§ āˇ€āļą āˇ€ිāˇ්āˇ€ාāˇƒāļē āļ´ෙāļģāļ¯ැāļģිāˇ€āļēි.

āļ¸ේāˇ€āļģ āˇ€ැāļŠ āˇƒāļ¯āˇ„ා āļ´āˇ…āļ¸ුāˇ€ āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļēේ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļ†āļŊේāļ´ āļšāˇ… āļēුāļ­ුāļē. āˇ€ැāļŊි āļšāļŠāļ¯ාāˇƒි āļ…āļŊ්āļŊා āˇ„ෝ āļēāļ­ු āļœා āļ¸ෘāļ¯ු āļ´ෘāˇ‚්āļ¨āļēāļš්‌ āļļāˇ€āļ§ āļ´āļ­්āļšāˇ… āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļē āˇ„ා āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āļœැāļą්āˇ€ූ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļģāļ­්āļšāļģ āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļēේ āˇ„ොāļŗිāļą් āļ­āˇ€āļģා āļ­āļŊ්āļšොāˇ… āļ†āļ°ාāļģāļēෙāļą් āļ¸ැāļ¯ීāļ¸ āļšāļģāļąු āļŊāļļāļą්āļąේ āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļēāļ§ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļ¸āļąාāˇ€ āļšා āˇ€ැāļ¯්āļ¯ීāļ¸āļ§āļ­් āļ”āļ´āˇ€āļ­් āˇ€ීāļ¸āļ­් āļ…āļģāļˇāļēාāļē. āļ…āˇ€āˇƒාāļąāļēේ āļģෙāļ¯ි āļšැāļļැāļŊ්āļŊāļš්‌ āļģāļ­්āļšāļģ āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļē āļ´ිāļģිāļ¸ැāļ¯ීāļ¸ෙāļą් āļ…āļ´ේāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļšāļģāļą්āļąේ āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļēේ āļ¯ීāļ´්āļ­ිāļ¸āļ­් āļˇාāˇ€āļēāļēි.

āļš්‍āļģāļ¸ āļšිāˇ„ිāļ´āļēāļš්‌ āļ”āˇƒ්‌āˇƒේ āˇƒාāļ¸්āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ාāļēිāļš āˇිāļŊ්āļ´ීāļą් āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļœැāļŊ්āˇ€ීāļ¸ āˇƒිāļ¯ුāļšāļģ āļ‡āļ­.

1 āļšāˇ€āļŊāļ¸් āļœෑāļ¸

āļ¯්āˇ€ි āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āˇ„ෝ āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āˇƒංāļšāļŊāļąāļē āļšāļģāļ¸ිāļą් āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļēāļš āˇ€ිāˇ€ිāļ° āļ´ැāļ­ි āļ†āļŊේāļ´ āļšāļģ āļ¸ැāļ¯ීāļ¸ āļšāˇ€āļŊāļ¸් āļœෑāļ¸ āļąāļ¸් āˇ€ිāļē.

2 āˇ€āļŊිāļ ්āļ ි āļœෑāļ¸

āļ‘āļš්‌ āˇ€āļģ්āļĢāļēāļš්‌ āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­āļēෙāļą් āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļēāļš්‌ āļ†āļŊේāļ´ āļšāļģ āļ’ āļ¸āļ­ āˇ€ෙāļąāļ­් āˇ€āļģ්āļĢāļēāļšිāļą් āļ­āļ¸āļąāļ§ āļ…āļˇිāļ¸āļ­ āļšොāļ§āˇƒ්‌ āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āļœāļą්āˇ€ා āļģāļ­්āļšāļģ āļ¸ැāļ¯ීāļ¸ āļ¸ෙāˇ„ිāļ¯ී āˇƒිāļ¯ුāˇ€ේ.

āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļēāļš්‌ āļ¸ෙāļŊෙāˇƒ āˇƒāļšāˇƒා āļœැāļąීāļ¸ āļ¸ේāˇ€āļģ āļšිāļģීāļ¸ āļąāļ¸් āˇ€ේ. āļšිāˇƒිāļēāļ¸් āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļēāļš āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļ…āļ­ිāļą් āļąොāļœා (āļ¸ේāˇ€āļģ āļąොāļēොāļ¯ා) āļąිāļē āˇ€ැāļŠ āˇƒිāļ¯ු āļąොāļšිāļģීāļ¸ āˇƒāļ¸්āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ාāļēāļēි. āļ¸ේāˇ€āļģ āˇ€ැāļŠ āļēāļąු āļąිāļēāļ´ොāļ­ු āˇ€ැāļŠ āˇ€āļŊ āļ†āļģāļ¸්āļˇāļš āļšාāļģ්āļēāļē āļŊෙāˇƒ āˇƒැāļŊāļšිāļē āˇ„ැāļšිāļē. āļ¸ෙāļŊෙāˇƒ āˇƒැāļšāˇƒූ āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļēāļą්āˇ„ි āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļšෙāļŗි āļ¸āļœිāļą් āˇƒැāļģāˇƒිāļŊි āļ¸ෝāˇƒ්‌āļ­āļģ āļēෙāļ¯ීāļ¸ āļąිāļē āˇ€ැāļŠāˇ€āļŊ āļ´්‍āļģāļ°ාāļąāļ­āļ¸ āļšාāļģ්āļēāļēāļēි. āļąිāļēāļ´ොāļ­්āļ­ෙāļą් āˇ€ැāļŠ āļ¯ැāļ¸ීāļ¸ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āļ…āˇ€āˇ්‍āļē āļ´්‍āļģāļ¸ාāļĢāļēāļ§ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšෙāļ¯ි āˇƒāļšāˇƒාāļœāļ­ āļēුāļ­ූāļē. āļ’ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āˇිāļŊ්āļ´ීāļą්āļ§ āˇƒāļ­āļ­ාāļˇ්‍āļēාāˇƒāļē āļ­ිāļļිāļē āļēුāļ­ුāļē. āļ¸ේāˇ€āļģ āļšāļģāļą āļŊāļ¯ āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ āļģāļ­් āļšāļģ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļšෙāļŗි āļ¸āˇ„āļ´āļ§ැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊේ āļąිāļēāļ´ොāļ­්āļ­ āļ†āļ°ාāļģāļēෙāļą් āļ…āļŊāˇ€āļą්āļąේ āļ…āļˇිāļ¸āļ­ āļ¸ෝāˇƒ්‌āļ­āļģ āļģāļ§ා āļąිāļģූāļ´āļĢāļē āˇ€āļą āļ´āļģිāļ¯ිāļē. āļ…āļąāļ­ුāļģුāˇ€ āļ­āļŊ්āļšොāˇ…āļēāļš්‌ āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­āļēෙāļą් āļ¸āļ¯ිāļąු āļŊැāļļීāļ¸ෙāļą් āļ¸ෝāˇƒ්‌āļ­āļģāļē āļ”āļ´āˇ€āļ­් āˇ€ේ.

āˇƒාāļ¸්āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ාāļēිāļš āļąිāļēāˇ€ැāļŠ āļ¸āļŸිāļą් āļ”āļ´āˇ€āļ­් āˇ€ූ āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ āļ…āļ­ීāļ­āļēේ āˇƒිāļ§āļ¸ āļ¯ෙāˇƒ්‌ āˇ€ිāļ¯ෙāˇƒ්‌ āļ´ිāˇ…ිāļœැāļąීāļ¸āļ§ āļŊāļš්‌āˇ€ිāļē. āļ‘āļ¸ āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ āļ…āļ­āļģ āļ…āˇ€් āļ…āļ­ු āļ¸ිāļ§ි āļ…ංāļšුāˇƒāļē āļšොāļŠි āļ¸ිāļ§ි āļ­ිāļģāļ´ොāļŊු āļ´ොāļ­්, āļšāļ¸්āļļ āļļāˇƒ්‌āļ­āļ¸් (āļ…āļŠි āļ­ුāļąāļēි) āļ¸ුāļģ āļ†āˇ€ුāļ¯ āļ¸ිāļ§ි āˇ€āļ§ාāļ´āļ­්, āļ¸ිāļ§ි āˇ€ිāļēāļą්, āļ¸ිāļ§ි āˇ„ැāļģāļ¸ිāļ§ි (āļ…āļŠි āˇ„āļ­āļģāļēි) āˇ„ෙāļĢ්‌āļŠු āļ¸ිāļ§ි āļ´්‍āļģāļ°ාāļą āˇ€ිāļē. āļąිāļēāˇ€ැāļŠ āˇƒāˇ„ිāļ­ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļąිāˇ‚්āļ´ාāļ¯āļą āˇ„ෙāˇ€āļ­් āļąිāļēāļ´ොāļ­ු āˇ€ැāļŠ āˇ€āļŊāļ¯ී āˇƒාāļ¸්āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ාāļēිāļš āļ¯ේāˇීāļē āļ¸ෝāˇƒ්‌āļ­āļģ āļģāļ§ාāˇ€āļą් āˇ€ූ āˇ€ැāļŊ් āļ´ොāļ­ "āļ†āļ¯ාāļģ āļšොāļĢ්‌āļŠු (āˇƒāļģāļŊ āļģේāļ›ා), āļļිāļą්āļ¯ු āˇƒāˇ„ āļœāļŊ් (āļ¯ිāļēāļ¸āļą්āļ­ි āˇ„ැāļŠ āļ‡āļ­ි āļšැāļļāļŊි), āļšොāˇ… āˇ€ැāļŊ (āļ‘āļ­ෙāļą āļ…āļ­ු āˇ„ෝ āˇ€ැāļŊ් āļ¸ෝāˇƒ්‌āļ­āļģāļēāļš්‌), āļŊāļĢු āļœැāļ§, āļ´āļ­ුāļģ (āļ¯ිāļš්‌ āˇ€ිāˇƒāļ¸ āļ´ාāļ¯ āļ­්‍āļģිāļšෝāļĢ), āļļෝ āļšොāˇ…" āļ¯ැāļŊ, āˇƒුāļŊි āˇ€ැāļŊ āˇ€ැāļąි āļēොāļ¯ා āļœැāļąේ.

āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ āˇ€ැāļŠ āļ­ුāˇ…ිāļą් āļąිāļ´āļ¯āˇ€āļą āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ

āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļ¸ෝāˇƒ්‌āļ­āļģ āļēෙāļ¯ීāļ¸ේ āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āˇ€ේāļ¯ āļ…āļ­āļģ āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊāļēෙāļą් āˇ€ැāļŠ āļ¯ැāļ¸ීāļ¸ āļ…āļąෙāļš්‌ āˇƒāļ¸්āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ාāļēāļēි. āļ¯ුāļ¸්āļļāļģ āļ¯ිāˇƒාāˇ€ේ āˇ„ුāļģීāļšāļŠුāˇ€ේ āˇ„ා āļ¸ාāļ­āļģ āļ¯ිāˇƒාāˇ€ේ āļ…āļŸුāļŊ්āļ¸āļŦු āˇිāļŊ්āļ´ීāˇ„ු āļ´ැāļģāļĢි āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļēāļ§ āļ´්‍āļģāˇƒිāļ¯්āļ° āˇ€ූāˇ€ෝ āˇ€ෙāļ­්. āˇ€āļš්‍āļģාāļšාāļģ āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢāļē āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āˇ€ේāļ¯āļē āļ¸āļœිāļą් āˇƒිāļ¯ුāˇ€ේ. āļ´ැāļģāļĢි āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļē āļš්‍āļģිāļēාāļ­්āļ¸āļš āˇ€ූāļēේ āˇිāļŊ්āļ´ීāļą් āļ¯ෙāļ¯ෙāļąāļšුāļœේ āˇ්‍āļģāļ¸ āļ´ුāļģāļĢāļēෙāļąි. āļŊāļĢුāˇ€ āļ‡āļ¯ āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļē āļšāļģāļšැāˇ€ීāļ¸ āļ‘āļš්‌ āˇිāļŊ්āļ´ිāļēෙāļšූ āˇƒිāļ¯ුāļšāļģāļ¯්āļ¯ී āļšāļ§ුāˇ€ āļ…āļŊ්āļŊා āļŊිāļēāˇ€ීāļ¸ āļ…āļąෙāļ­් āˇිāļŊ්āļ´ිāļēාāļœේ āļģාāļĸāļšාāļģිāļēāļēි. āļ­āļąි āļ´ාāļ§ āˇ„ා āļ‰āļģි āļœෑāļ¸ āļ´āļ¸āļĢāļš්‌ āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ āļ¸āļœිāļą් āˇƒිāļ¯ුāˇ€ිāļē. āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āļ¯ෙāļšāļš්‌ āˇƒංāļšāļŊāļąāļē āˇ€āļą āļ…āˇ€āˇƒ්‌āļŽාāˇ€ේāļ¯ී āļ‘āļē āļšāˇ…ු āˇ€ැāļąි āļ­āļ¯ āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āļ‰āļģි āļœෑāļ¸ āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āˇƒāļ¸්āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ාāļē āˇ€ිāļē. āˇ€ැāļ§āļšේ āļšොāˇ…āļēෙāˇ„ි āļ­ැāˇ€āļģූ āļ´ොāļŊ්āļ­ෙāļŊ් āļēොāļ¯ා āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļē āļ”āļ´ āļšිāļģීāļ¸ āļ´ැāļģāļĢි āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āˇ€ේāļ¯āļēāļēි.

āļŊංāļšාāˇ€ේ āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­ āˇ€ූ āļ´ැāļģāļĢි āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊāļēāļ§ āˇ€āļŠා āˇ€āļģ්āļ­āļ¸ාāļąāļēේ āˇ„āļ´ුāˇ€ිāļ¯ āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ේāˇāļēේ āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­ āˇ€āļą āļ‰āļą්āļ¯ීāļē āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊāļē āļ´ැāļģāļĢි āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļēāļ§ āˇ€āļŠා āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ āļŊිāļēāˇ€ීāļ¸ āˇ„ා āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļ†āļŊේāļ´ āļšිāļģීāļ¸ āļēāļą āļšාāļģ්āļēāļēāļ¯්āˇ€āļēāļ¸ āˇƒිāļ¯ු āļšāˇ… āˇ„ැāļšිāļē.

* āļ´āļ§ි āļœෑāļ¸

* āļšැāļ§āļēāļ¸් āļœෑāļ¸

* āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļœිāļŊ්āļŊāˇ€ීāļ¸

* āļļāļ­ිāļš්‌ āˇ„ා āˇ‚ේāļŠිāļą් āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļē

* āļļිāļą්āļ¯ු āˇƒිāļ§ිāļąāˇƒේ āļœෑāļ¸

āļąූāļ­āļą āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āˇ€ැāļŠ āļ´්‍āļģāļ°ාāļą āļ¸ෝāˇƒ්‌āļ­āļģ āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āˇ€ේāļ¯ āˇ€āˇāļēෙāļą් āˇ„āļŗුāļąාāļœāļ­ āˇ„ැāļšිāļē. āļšැāļ§āļēāļ¸් āļšැāļ´ීāļ¸ āļ´ිāļĢිāˇƒ āļšැāļ§āļēāļ¸් āļœෑāļ¸ āˇƒිāļ¯ුāļšāˇ… āļēුāļ­ූāļē. āļšිāˇƒිāļēāļ¸් āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļēāļš āļ‘āļš්‌ āļ‘āļš්‌ āˇ€āļģ්āļĢāļēෙāļą් āļēුāļ­් āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļ­āļ§්‌āļ§ු āļ‘āļšāļ´ිāļ§ āļ‘āļš āļ­āˇ€āļģා āļ´ිāļ­ි āļšෑāļŊි āļ¸āļŸිāļą් āļ¸āļ§්‌āļ§āļ¸් āļšොāļ§ āļ…āˇ€āˇƒාāļąāļēේ āļ´ොāļŊ්āļ­ෙāļŊ් āļ­āˇ€āļģāļą āļŊāļ¯ āˇ€ැāļ§āļšේ āļšොāˇ…āļēෙāļą් āˇ„ා āļģෙāļ¯ි āļšැāļļැāļŊ්āļŊāļšිāļą් āļ”āļ´ āļ¯āļ¸ා āļšැāļ§āļēāļ¸් āļšැāļ´ීāļ¸ āˇƒāļ¯āˇ„ා āļœāļ­ āļēුāļ­ුāļē.

āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļ­āļ§්‌āļ§ු āļ†āļŊේāļ´āļąāļēේ āļ´්‍āļģāļ¸ාāļĢāļē āļ…āļąුāˇ€ āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āˇƒංāļēෝāļĸāļąāļēෙāļą් āļšැāļ§āļēāļ¸් āļšැāļ´ීāļ¸ āˇƒිāļ¯ුāļšāˇ… āˇ„ැāļš. āļŊිāļēāˇ€ැāļŊ්, āļ¸āļŊ්āˇ€ැāļŊ්, āˇ„ංāˇƒ āļ´ූāļ§්‌āļ§ු, āļœāļĸāˇƒිංāˇ„ āļģූāļ´ āˇ€ැāļąි āļ¸ෝāˇƒ්‌āļ­āļģ āˇƒාāļ¸්āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ාāļēිāļš āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āļēොāļ¯āļąු āļŊāļļāļą āļšැāļ§āļēāļ¸් āˇ€ේ. āˇිāļŊ්āļ´ිāļēාāļœේ āļ¯āļš්‌āˇ‚āļ­ා āļ¸āļ­ āļšැāļ§āļēāļ¸්āˇ€āļŊ āļœුāļĢාāļ­්āļ¸āļš āˇ„ා āļšāļŊාāļ­්āļ¸āļš āļˇාāˇ€āļē āļģැāļŗී āļ´āˇ€āļ­ී.

āļšැāļ§āļēāļ¸් āļœිāļŊ්āļŊāˇ€ීāļ¸ āļ…āļąෙāļš්‌ āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļēāļēි. āļŊිāļēāˇ€āļą āļŊāļ¯ āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļē āˇ€ැāļŊිāļšāļŠāļ¯ාāˇƒි āļ…āļŊ්āļŊා āˇƒāļšāˇƒ්‌āļšāļģ āļœැāļąීāļ¸ෙāļą් āļ…āļąāļ­ුāļģුāˇ€ āļāļą āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļ­āļ§්‌āļ§ුāˇ€āļš්‌ āļ†āļŊේāļ´ āļšāļģ āļ´ිāļ­ි āļšෑāļŊ්āļŊāļšිāļą් āļ¸āļ§්‌āļ§āļ¸් āļšොāļ§ āļ’ āļ¸āļ­ āļšැāļ§āļēāļ¸් āļšāļ§ුāˇ€ āˇ„ෝ āļ‹āļŊ් āļšāļ§ුāˇ€ āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­āļēෙāļą් āļ…āļˇිāļ¸āļ­ āļ¸ෝāˇƒ්‌āļ­āļģ āļšැāļ´ිāļē āļēුāļ­ුāļē. āļ¸ෝāˇƒ්‌āļ­āļģ āļ¸āļ­ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļ­āˇ€āļģා āļ¸āļ§්‌āļ§āļ¸් āļšිāļģීāļ¸ෙāļą් āļšāļ´āļą āļŊāļ¯ āļšැāļ§āļēāļ¸් āļ­ුāˇ…āļ§ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšා āˇ€ැāļ¯ෙāļēි. āļģෙāļ¯ිāļšāļŠāļš āļļāˇ„ාāļŊු āļļොāļģāļœāļŊ් āļšුāļŠු āˇ€ැāˇƒීāļœිāļē āļ¸ෝāˇƒ්‌āļ­āļģāļēේ āļ‡āļ­ිāļŊ්āļŊීāļ¸ෙāļą් āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšා āˇ€ැāļ¯ුāļĢු āļ¸ෝāˇƒ්‌āļ­āļģāļē āļ¸āļ­ු āļšāļģāļœāļąී. āļ‘āˇ€ිāļ§ āļļොāļģāļœāļŊ් āļšුāļŠු āļ‰āˇ€āļ­්āļšāļģ āļ´ොāļŊ්āļ­ෙāļŊ් āˇƒ්‌āˇ€āļŊ්āļ´āļēāļš්‌ āļ­ැāˇ€āļģූ āļģෙāļ¯ි āļšැāļļැāļŊ්āļŊāļšිāļą් āļ”āļ´ āļ¯ැāļ¸ීāļ¸ āˇƒිāļ¯ුāļšāļģāļēි. āļ¸ේ āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āˇ€ේāļ¯āļē āļ”āˇƒ්‌āˇƒේ āļ‘āļšāļ¸ āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļēේ āļšොāļ§āˇƒ්‌āˇ€āļŊ āļąා āļąා āˇ€āļģ්āļĢāˇ€āļ­් āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļœිāļŊ්āļŊāˇ€ා āļ¸ෝāˇƒ්‌āļ­āļģ āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢāļē āļšāˇ… āˇ„ැāļšිāļē.

āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āˇ€ැāļŠ āˇ€āļŊāļ¯ී āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­ āļ¸ෝāˇƒ්‌āļ­āļģ āļēෙāļ¯ීāļ¸ේ āļš්‍āļģāļ¸ āļ…āļ­āļģ āļļāļ­ිāļš්‌ āˇ„ා āˇ‚ේāļŠිāļą් āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļēāļ§ āˇ€ිāˇේāˇ‚ āļ­ැāļąāļš්‌ āˇ„ිāļ¸ි āˇ€ේ. āļ¸āļ§්‌āļ§āļ¸් āļšිāļģීāļ¸āļš්‌ āˇ„ෝ āļ”āļ´ āļ¯ැāļ¸ීāļ¸āļš්‌ āļąොāļšāļģāļą āļļāļ­ිāļš්‌ āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļēේ āļ¯ී āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļēāļš āļāļąāļšāļ¸ āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļēෙāļą් āļ…āļŠුāˇ€āļą āˇƒේ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļ­āļ§්‌āļ§ු āļ­ුāļąāļš්‌ āļ­āˇ€āļģāļąු āļŊැāļļේ. āļ…āˇ€āˇƒාāļąāļēේ āļ´ිāļ­ි āļšෑāļŊ්āļŊ āˇ„ෝ āˇ€ැāļ§āļšේ āļšොāˇ… āļ†āļ°ාāļģāļēෙāļą් āļ¸āļ§්‌āļ§āļ¸්āļšāļģ āļģෙāļ¯ි āļšැāļļැāļŊ්āļŊāļš āļ´ොāļŊ් āļ­ෙāļŊ් āļēොāļ¯ා āļ”āļ´ āļ¯āļ¸āļąු āļŊāļļāļēි. āˇ‚ේāļŠිāļą් āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļēේāļ¯ී āļ´āˇ…āļ¸ු āļ­āļ§්‌āļ§ුāˇ€ āļœා āļ¸āļ¯ිāļą āļąāļ¸ුāļ­් āļ¯ෙāˇ€āļąි āļ­āļ§්‌āļ§ුāˇ€ āļļුāļģුāļŊ් āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšැāļ§ āˇƒිāļ§ිāļą්āļąāļ§ āļ­ැāˇ€āļģීāļ¸ āˇƒāļ¸්āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ාāļēāļēි. āļšැāļ§ āˇ„ිāļ§ිāļą්āļąāļ§ āļœෑāļ¸ේāļ¯ී āļ¸ැāļ¯ āļ¸āļ§්‌āļ§āļ¸් āļšිāļģීāļ¸āļš්‌ āļąොāļšෙāļģේ.

āļļිāļą්āļ¯ු āˇƒිāļ§ිāļą āˇƒේ āļœෑāļ¸ āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļēේāļ¯ී āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­ āļ¸ෝāˇƒ්‌āļ­āļģ āļēෙāļ¯ීāļ¸ේ āļ­āˇ€āļ­් āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļēāļš්‌ āļŊෙāˇƒ āˇ„āļŗුāļąාāļœāļ­ āˇ„ැāļšිāļē. āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļšāļ¸් āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āˇƒැāļšāˇƒූ āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļē āļ´āļ§්‌āļŊāļēāļ§ āˇƒāˇ€ිāļšāļģ āˇƒාāļ¸ාāļą්‍āļē āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļ­āļ§්‌āļ§ුāˇ€āļš්‌ āļ­āˇ€āļģා āļ¸āļ§්‌āļ§āļ¸් āļšිāļģීāļ¸ෙāļą් āļ´āˇƒු āļļුāļģුāļŊ් āļ¯්āˇ€ිāˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļšැāļļāļŊි āļ´āˇ…āļ¸ු āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļ­āļ§්‌āļ§ුāˇ€ āļ¸āļ­ිāļą් āļ…āļ­ āļļුāļģුāļŊෙāļą් āļ‡āļŊ්āļŊීāļ¸ෙāļą් āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļļිāļą්āļ¯ු āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢāļē āˇƒිāļ¯ුāˇ€ේ. āļ­ෙāļ­ āļģෙāļ¯ිāļšāļŠāļš āļļāˇ„ාāļŊු āļļොāļģ āļœāļŊ්āļšුāļŠු āļ¸āļœිāļą් āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļē āļ¸āļ¯ිāļą āˇ€ිāļ§āļ¯ි āļ­්‍āļģි āˇ€āļģ්āļĢ āļļිāļą්āļ¯ු āļ¸āļ­ුāˇ€ේ. āļ‘āˇ„ිāļ¯ී āļ´ොāļŊ් āļ­ෙāļŊ් āļ­ැāˇ€āļģූ āļģෙāļ¯ි āļšැāļļැāļŊ්āļŊāļš්‌ āļ¸āļœිāļą් āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠāļē āļ”āļ´ āļ¯āļ¸ා āļœැāļąීāļ¸ āˇƒāļ¸්āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ාāļēāļēි.

āļ´ාāļģāļ¸්āļ´āļģිāļš āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ, āļąāˇ€ීāļą āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ āˇ„ා āļ‹āļ´āļēෝāļœිāļ­ා āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ āˇ€āˇāļēෙāļą් āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļēේāļ¯ී āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ āˇ€āļģ්āļœ āļ­ූāļąāļš්‌ āļ­āļąāļąු āļŊැāļļේ. āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āˇ€ැāļŠāˇ€āļŊāļ¯ී āļ´ාāļģāļ¸්āļ´āļģිāļš āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āˇƒංāˇƒ්‌āļšෘāļ­ිāļ¸āļē āˇ€āļ§ිāļąාāļšāļ¸āļš්‌ āˇ„ිāļ¸ිāˇ€ේ.āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āˇ€ැāļŠāˇ€āļŊිāļą් āļąිāļ´āļ¯āˇ€āļą āļ´ාāļģāļ¸්āļ´āļģිāļš āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ āļģැāˇƒāļšි. āļ…āˇ…ු āļļāļŗුāļą් āļ†āļˇāļģāļĢ āˇ„ෙāļ´්āļ´ු (āļ¸ංāļĸුāˇƒා) āļ‰āļŊāļ­්āļ­āļ§්‌āļ§ු āļšāļąāļ´්āļ´ු āļ´ෝāļ ්āļ ි āļļීāļģāˇ…ු āļ¸āļŊ් āļ´ෝāļ ්āļ ි āˇƒෙāļģāļš්‌āļšාāļŊ āˇ„āļŊං āˇ„ෙāļ´්āļ´ු āļ’ āļ…āļ­āļģ āˇ€ේ.

āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āˇ€ැāļŠ āˇ„ා āļąිāļēāļ´ොāļ­ු āˇ€ැāļŠ āļ¸ිāˇ්‍āļģ āˇිāļŊ්āļ´āļē

āļēāļą්āļ­්‍āļģාāļąුāˇƒාāļģāļēෙāļą් āļšෙāļģෙāļą āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āˇ€ැāļŠ āˇ„ා āˇිāļŊ්āļ´ීāļē āļąිāļ´ුāļĢāļ­ාāˇ€āļēෙāļą්āļ¸ āˇƒිāļ¯ුāļšāļģāļą āļąිāļēāļ´ොāļ­ුāˇ€ැāļŠ āļ¸ිāˇ්‍āļģāˇ€ āļšිāļģීāļ¸ෙāļą් āļ­āļ­්āļ­්āˇ€āļēෙāļą් āļ‹āˇƒāˇƒ්‌ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ āļ…āļŠු āļšාāļŊāļēāļšිāļą් āļąිāļ´āļ¯āˇ€ිāļē āˇ„ැāļšිāļē. āˇ€āļģ්āļ­āļ¸ාāļąāļēේ āļŊාāļš්‌āˇ‚ා āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ āļąිāˇ‚්āļ´ාāļ¯āļąāļēේ āļ´්‍āļģāˇ€āļĢāļ­ාāˇ€ āļ¸ෙāļēāļēි. āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āˇ€ැāļŠ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āļļāˇ„ුāļŊāˇ€ āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­ āˇ€āļą්āļąේ āļļුāļģුāļŊ් āļŊාāļšāļŠ āˇ€ුāˇ€āļ­් āļąිāļēāļ´ොāļ­ු āˇ€ැāļŠ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āˇ„ැāļ¸āˇ€ිāļ§āļ¸ āļ­āļ¯ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­ āļšāˇ… āļēුāļ­ූāļē. āļąිāļēāļ´ොāļ­ු āˇ€ැāļŠ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āļļුāļģුāļŊ් āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­āļē āļ…āļēෝāļœ්‍āļē āˇ„ෙāļēිāļą් āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āˇ€ැāļŠ āˇ„ා āļąිāļēāļ´ොāļ­ු āˇ€ැāļŠ āļ¸ිāˇ්‍āļģ āļšāļģ්āļ¸ාāļą්āļ­āļēේāļ¯ී āļ´āļ§්‌āļ§āļŊ් āˇ€ැāļŠ āļšොāļ§āˇƒ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āļ¯ āļ­āļ¯ āļŊාāļšāļŠ āļ´āļ¸āļĢāļš්‌ āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­ āļšිāļģීāļ¸āļ§ āˇƒිāļ¯ුāˇ€ේ. āļ‹āļŠැāļš්‌āļšි, āļ´ෙāļ§්‌āļ§āļœāļ¸්, āļļුāļŊāļ­් āļ­āļ§්‌āļ§ු, āˇƒෙāļģāļš්‌āļšාāļŊ, āˇƒෝāļ´ා, āˇ„ොāļģāļĢෑ āļ†āļ¯ී āļˇාāļĢ්‌āļŠ āļ¸ෙāļšී āļ¸ිāˇ්‍āļģ āļšāļģ්āļ¸ාāļą්āļ­ āļ­ුāˇ…ිāļą් āļ¸āļąාāˇ€ āļąිāļ´āļ¯āˇ€ිāļē āˇ„ැāļš. 


Grade 6